Do I need a transit visa to pass through a US airport?

Unlike many countries, the United States requires most foreign nationals to have a valid US visa or ESTA authorization even for transiting through a US airport, including when taking a connecting flight without leaving the international terminal. There is no separate international transit zone in most US airports; all passengers clear US Customs and Border Protection upon entry.

If you are a citizen of a Visa Waiver Program country, you can use an approved ESTA to transit through the US. All other nationalities generally need a valid US nonimmigrant visa. The C-1 transit visa is specifically designed for travel through the US, but most people who need a US visa simply obtain a B-1/B-2 visitor visa, which covers transit as well.

Some nationalities are exempt from needing a visa for airport transit if they hold a valid visa from certain countries (Canada, UK, Schengen area) and meet other criteria. These exceptions are limited and change periodically. Always check the official US Embassy website for your specific nationality before planning a US transit.

This is general information only, not legal advice. Consult a qualified immigration lawyer or registered migration agent for your specific situation.